O-304, now developed as ATX-304, is a small-molecule pan-AMPK activator discovered at Umea University.
Amounts reported for O-304 are listed under Reported protocols, each with its source and study kind. No amount ladder is inferred from them. This is educational source context, not a protocol or recommendation.
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What published studies and recent community write-ups report about amounts, timing and course length. 3 clinical, 2 preclinical and 1 community-reported rows, each linked to its source. These are descriptions of what others report, not instructions, and nothing here is medical advice.
| Context | Dose | Frequency | Route | Course | Source |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Clinical3 rows | |||||
| TELLUS phase 2a trial in type 2 diabetes (registry results)65 adults aged 18-80 with uncomplicated type 2 diabetes on stable metformin monotherapy, 33 on O304 and 32 on placebo, at a single Swedish centre | 1,000 mg (50 mL of a 20 mg/mL oral suspension) | Once daily in the morning | Oral suspension | 28 days, with weekly clinic visitsNot applicable | EU Clinical Trials Register2017 |
| The primary endpoint, change in fasting plasma glucose against placebo at day 28, was not statistically significant, but fasting glucose, insulin and HOMA-IR fell from baseline within the O304 arm. There were 38 adverse events in 19 O304 patients against 49 in 23 placebo patients and no serious adverse events on O304. The sponsor was Betagenon AB and the trial is EudraCT 2016-002183-13. | |||||
| TELLUS phase 2a trial as published with the preclinical workThe same 65 type 2 diabetes patients on metformin | 1,000 mg per day | Once daily | Oral | 28 daysNot applicable | JCI Insight2018 |
| The paper reports lower blood pressure and higher microvascular perfusion in calf muscle on MRI alongside the glucose changes, states that steady-state exposure was reached around day 18, and notes that a phase 1 safety trial and rat and dog toxicology preceded it. Most authors are Betagenon employees, founders or shareholders, and the company's own site says a larger effect is expected at higher exposure and longer treatment. | |||||
| Phase 1b study in obesity and prediabetes (ATX-304)23 adults with obesity and prediabetes in a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled study with an optional open-label extension | 400 mg | Once daily | Oral | 8 weeks, followed by an 8-week open-label extensionNot applicable | Cambrian Bio2026 |
| Cambrian Bio reported significant rises in adiponectin and resting metabolic rate (about 8%), falls in triglycerides, liver fat and visceral fat, and minimal weight loss, with adverse events similar to placebo and no rise in core temperature or 24-hour heart rate. The data were presented as two posters at the American Diabetes Association meeting in June 2026 and have not yet been published in a journal; the company plans two phase 2 studies at higher exposures. | |||||
| Preclinical2 rows | |||||
| Diet-induced obese mice, cardiac and metabolic endpointsMice on a high-fat diet, with or without O304 mixed into the food | 0.8 or 2 mg of O304 per gram of high-fat diet | Continuous in the diet | Oral, in food | 7 weeksNot applicable | JCI Insight2018 |
| O304 in the diet raised phosphorylated AMPK in the heart and lowered cardiac glycogen in a dose-dependent way, improved left ventricular stroke volume and did not increase heart weight in mice or rats, a point Betagenon stresses because an earlier AMPK activator from another company caused cardiac hypertrophy in animals. In the same paper O304 increased skeletal muscle glucose uptake and reduced beta-cell stress in obese mice. These are rodent diet-admixture doses with no human equivalent. | |||||
| Aged mouse study of insulin resistance and exercise capacityCBA x C57BL/6J F1 hybrid mice fed from 6 months of age, 8 to 10 per group, with a second cohort treated from 12 months | 0.25 or 0.5 mg of O304 per gram of control diet | Continuous in the diet | Oral, in food | 12 months from 6 months of age; 6 months in the older cohortNot applicable | Communications Biology (PubMed)2021 |
| O304 prevented the age-related rise in insulin and HOMA-IR, with the higher dose acting within 3 months, and in 18-month-old mice treated for 6 months it improved cardiac function and running distance to exhaustion without changing blood pressure. The senior author is a cofounder of Betagenon; the result is in lean aged mice and says nothing about dosing in people. | |||||
| Community-reported1 row | |||||
| Vendor capsule listing | 50 mg per capsule, 60 capsules per bottle | Not stated | Oral capsule | Not stated | Community resource2026 |
| This is a vendor claim: the vendor lists ATX-304 as a sodium salt in 50 mg GMP capsules, marked coming soon, and states no dosing; its research guide calls the compound a laboratory tool and cites the phase 2a trial as a research finding rather than a use. One capsule is one-twentieth of the 1,000 mg daily dose used in TELLUS and one-eighth of the 400 mg phase 1b dose, and the trials used a pharmaceutical suspension, not capsules. | |||||
Plus 2 community resources (dosing guides, forum threads and vendor write-ups), reported above but not linked.
O-304, now developed as ATX-304, is a small-molecule pan-AMPK activator discovered at Umea University and taken into the clinic by the Swedish company Betagenon as an oral drug that mimics some effects of exercise. It raised muscle glucose uptake and lowered fasting glucose in obese mice, and in a 28-day phase 2a trial in 65 people with type 2 diabetes on metformin, 1,000 mg a day lowered fasting glucose, insulin resistance and blood pressure within the treated group even though the main comparison against placebo was not significant. The programme now sits with Cambrian Bio, which reported a phase 1b study at 400 mg a day in adults with obesity and prediabetes in June 2026 and plans phase 2 trials; it is not approved anywhere.
These themes describe recurring questions in published research. They are not claims of effectiveness or recommendations for use.
Energy balance, body composition and incretin signaling.
The primary endpoint, change in fasting plasma glucose against placebo at day 28, was not statistically significant, but fasting glucose, insulin and HOMA-IR fell from baseline within the O304 arm. There were 38.
The paper reports lower blood pressure and higher microvascular perfusion in calf muscle on MRI alongside the glucose changes, states that steady-state exposure was reached around day 18, and notes that a phase 1.
Cambrian Bio reported significant rises in adiponectin and resting metabolic rate (about 8%), falls in triglycerides, liver fat and visceral fat, and minimal weight loss, with adverse events similar to placebo and no.
O304 in the diet raised phosphorylated AMPK in the heart and lowered cardiac glycogen in a dose-dependent way, improved left ventricular stroke volume and did not increase heart weight in mice or rats, a point.
O304 prevented the age-related rise in insulin and HOMA-IR, with the higher dose acting within 3 months, and in 18-month-old mice treated for 6 months it improved cardiac function and running distance to exhaustion.
Study models remain visible so laboratory and animal findings are not mistaken for established human outcomes.
3 protocol rows on this page come from human trials, trial registrations, regulator labels or reviews of human data. Approval status and populations are stated per row.
2 protocol rows describe animal, cell or toxicology work. Amounts from these rows do not translate to people.
1 row record what blogs, vendor write-ups or forums describe for O-304. None has been verified against primary literature.
Sequence, synonyms and registry identifiers as recorded in PubChem, the National Library of Medicine's open chemistry database. Formula, mass and CAS number are summarized at the top of the page.
O304, ATX-304, pan-AMPK activator O-304, UNII SPS2TLH4CM, HY-112233, O-304X
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4-chloro-N-[2-[(4-chlorophenyl)methyl]-3-oxo-1,2,4-thiadiazol-5-yl]benzamide
6 curated references, each with its journal, year and study model, plus 2 community resources reported but not linked.