Indolepropionamide (IPAM, indole-3-propionamide) is the amide of indole-3-propionic acid, a tryptophan-derived indole related in structure to melatonin.
Amounts reported for IPAM are listed under Reported protocols, each with its source and study kind. No amount ladder is inferred from them. This is educational source context, not a protocol or recommendation.
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What published studies and recent community write-ups report about amounts, timing and course length. 3 preclinical and 2 community-reported rows, each linked to its source. These are descriptions of what others report, not instructions, and nothing here is medical advice.
| Context | Dose | Frequency | Route | Course | Source |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Preclinical3 rows | |||||
| Brain uptake after injection in young ratsOne-month-old male Sprague-Dawley rats (6 per group) | 0.5 mg/kg | Single injection | Intraperitoneal | Single dose, brain sampled at 2, 4 and 8 hoursNot applicable | PLoS One (PubMed Central)2010 |
| IPAM reached 691 pg per mg protein in brain at 2 hours and was still at 361 pg per mg at 8 hours, whereas the same dose of melatonin or indole-3-propionic acid did not raise brain levels above the barely detectable baseline. Endogenous IPAM was below about 100 pg per mg protein and rose to 346 pg per mg one hour after a 300 mg/kg oral load of L-tryptophan. These are tissue-level measurements in rats, not a pharmacokinetic study in people. | |||||
| Isolated brain mitochondria from young and old rodentsBrain mitochondria from 1-month and 20-month-old rats and from 3-month and 18-month-old mice | 10 nanomolar in the incubation medium | Single exposure | In vitro | 30-minute incubationsNot applicable | PLoS One (PubMed Central)2010 |
| At 10 nM IPAM reversed the age-related fall in mitochondrial membrane potential more strongly than melatonin or indole-3-propionic acid, protected against 500 nM doxorubicin, antimycin A and FCCP, and raised complex I and complex IV activity in old mouse brain mitochondria. In a hydroxyl radical assay it was the most potent of the indoles tested (IC50 0.18 micromolar for protecting DNA against oxidation, against 1.4 for melatonin) and produced no pro-oxidant intermediates. All of this is test-tube work on isolated organelles. | |||||
| Rotifer lifespan modelBdelloid rotifers (Philodina acuticornis odiosa) kept in individual cultures | 10, 20 or 30 micromolar in the culture water | Daily | Added to the culture medium | Lifelong exposureNot applicable | PLoS One (PubMed Central)2010 |
| Mean lifespan rose from 24.6 days in controls to 58.5, 81.1 and 90.5 days at 10, 20 and 30 micromolar, animals grew larger and produced about 55 offspring instead of 16. The authors call it the largest life extension recorded in this organism, and the same experiments appear in the group's 2005 patent application. Rotifers are microscopic invertebrates; nothing about this result translates to a human dose. | |||||
| Community-reported2 rows | |||||
| Harm-reduction overview for buyers | No human dose established; the page restates the 10-30 micromolar rotifer and nanomolar mitochondrial figures | Not described | Not described | Not describedNot described | Community resource2026 |
| This reference page states plainly that all data are preclinical, that no human trial exists under the compound's name, that the US patent application (US20070105937A1) was abandoned, and that the abbreviation overlap with indole-3-propionic acid is a source of confusion because the acid has limited human tolerability data and the amide has none. It lists the compound as sold by chemical suppliers for laboratory use and not legal for human consumption in the United States. | |||||
| Vendor format | 10 mg per vial of lyophilised powder (no dose stated) | Not stated | Not stated; sold as a powder to be reconstituted | Not statedNot stated | Community resource2026 |
| A vendor claim. The product page gives no amount per administration and describes gut-brain axis and intestinal barrier research, which is the literature of indole-3-propionic acid rather than of the amide sold here; the certificate for lot IP01 measured 10.62 mg against a 10 mg label with 99.74% purity by HPLC. The only published animal exposure was a single 0.5 mg/kg injection in rats. | |||||
Plus 2 community resources (dosing guides, forum threads and vendor write-ups), reported above but not linked.
Indolepropionamide (IPAM, indole-3-propionamide) is the amide of indole-3-propionic acid, a tryptophan-derived indole related in structure to melatonin. It was designed in the early 2000s by Miguel Pappolla, Burkhard Poeggeler and colleagues at the Medical University of South Carolina as a more membrane-permeable version of indole-3-propionic acid, and the group then detected it as a natural trace constituent of rat brain. The one peer-reviewed study, published in PLoS One in 2010, reported that nanomolar concentrations restored the membrane potential and complex I and IV activity of aged rodent brain mitochondria and that 10-30 micromolar extended the lifespan of rotifers by up to about 300%; no human study has been published, the US patent application was abandoned, and the compound is sold only as a research chemical. It is sometimes described online as a monoamine oxidase B inhibitor, but the published work describes a mitochondrial complex I stabiliser and antioxidant, and it should not be confused with indole-3-propionic acid (IPA), the gut-microbial metabolite that does have human data.
These themes describe recurring questions in published research. They are not claims of effectiveness or recommendations for use.
Neuroplasticity, cognition, stress and sleep models.
Cellular aging, redox balance and mitochondrial function.
IPAM reached 691 pg per mg protein in brain at 2 hours and was still at 361 pg per mg at 8 hours, whereas the same dose of melatonin or indole-3-propionic acid did not raise brain levels above the barely detectable.
At 10 nM IPAM reversed the age-related fall in mitochondrial membrane potential more strongly than melatonin or indole-3-propionic acid, protected against 500 nM doxorubicin, antimycin A and FCCP, and raised complex I.
Mean lifespan rose from 24.6 days in controls to 58.5, 81.1 and 90.5 days at 10, 20 and 30 micromolar, animals grew larger and produced about 55 offspring instead of 16. The authors call it the largest life extension.
This reference page states plainly that all data are preclinical, that no human trial exists under the compound's name, that the US patent application (US20070105937A1) was abandoned, and that the abbreviation overlap.
Study models remain visible so laboratory and animal findings are not mistaken for established human outcomes.
3 protocol rows describe animal, cell or toxicology work. Amounts from these rows do not translate to people.
2 rows record what blogs, vendor write-ups or forums describe for IPAM. None has been verified against primary literature.
Sequence, synonyms and registry identifiers as recorded in PubChem, the National Library of Medicine's open chemistry database. Formula, mass and CAS number are summarized at the top of the page.
Indole-3-propionamide, IPAM, Indolepropionamide, 3-(3-Indolyl)propionamide, 1H-Indole-3-propanamide, UNII 6RD94WRM73, NSC 523262
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3-(1H-indol-3-yl)propanamide
3 curated references, each with its journal, year and study model, plus 2 community resources reported but not linked.