Peptides > PNC-27
PNC-27
PNC-27 is a synthetic peptide designed for anti-cancer purposes. It functions by binding to HDM-2, thereby inhibiting its interaction with the p53 tumor suppressor protein. Studies have demonstrated that PNC-27 exhibits a selective ability to eliminate cancer cells by inducing membranolysis, which is the process of breaking down the cell membrane, ultimately leading to cell death.
- Product Usage:
This PRODUCT IS INTENDED AS A RESEARCH CHEMICAL ONLY. This designation allows the use of research chemicals strictly for in vitro testing and laboratory experimentation only. All product information available on this website is for educational purposes only. Bodily introduction of any kind into humans or animals is strictly forbidden by law. This product should only be handled by licensed, qualified professionals. This product is not a drug, food, or cosmetic and may not be misbranded, misused or mislabled as a drug, food or cosmetic.
PEPTIDE INDEX
» Adipotide (FTPP)
» AICAR
» AOD9604
» ARA-290
» Bronchogen
» BPC-157
» B7-33
» Cardiogen
» Cartalax
» Cerebrolysin (215mg/ml, 10ml)
» Chonluten
» CJC-1295 DAC
» Cortagen
» DSIP
» Epithalon (Epitalon)
» Follistatin-315
» Follistatin-344
» FOXO4-DRI
» hGH Fragment 176-191
» GHK Basic
» GHK-Cu (Copper Peptide)
» GHRP-2
» GHRP-6
» GHRH (GH-Releasing Hormone)
» Glutathione
» Gonadorelin (GnRH)
» Hexarelin
» Humanin
» Ipamorelin
» Kisspeptin-10
» KPV (ACTH (11-13) alpha-MSH)
» Liraglutide (GLP-1 Analogue)
» Livagen
» LL-37 (CAP-18)
» Melanotan 2 (Melanotan II)
» MGF (C-terminal)
» MK-677 (Ibutamoren)
» ModGRF 1-29 (CJC-1295 No DAC)
» MOTS-c
» N-Acetyl Epithalon Amidate
» N-Acetyl Selank Amidate
» N-Acetyl Semax Amidate
» NAD+
» Ovagen
» Oxytocin
» Pancragen
» PE-22-28
» PEG-MGF (Pegylated MGF)
» Pinealon
» PNC-27
» Prostamax
» PT-141 (Bremelanotide)
» P21 (P021)
» Selank
» Semaglutide (GLP-1 Analogue)
» Semax
» Sermorelin
» SS-31
» TB-500 (Thymosin Beta-4)
» Tesamorelin
» Testagen
» Thymagen
» Thymosin Alpha-1
» Thyrotropin-TRH
» Tirzepatide
» Triptorelin
» Vesugen
» Vesilute
» Vilon
» VIP (Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide)
» GHK-Cu
» Retatrutide
What is PNC-27?
PNC-27 is a synthetically engineered peptide designed with the specific purpose of targeting and eradicating cancer cells. It belongs to the PNC group of investigational proteins, which have been developed to attach themselves to abnormal (cancerous) cells and induce cell death through necrosis, all while sparing normal, healthy cells from harm.
The PNC-27 peptide is comprised of an HDM-2 binding domain, corresponding to residues 12-26 of p53, along with a transmembrane-penetrating domain. This unique combination allows the peptide to effectively bind to cancer cells and induce their destruction through membranolysis, which involves the disruption of the cell membrane.
Extensive research and studies on animal subjects have demonstrated the remarkable efficacy of PNC-27 in selectively targeting various specific types of cancer, including but not limited to pancreatic cancer, breast cancer, leukemia, melanoma, and several other cancer lines.
PNC-27 Peptide
Molecular formula: C188H293N53O44S
Molar Mass: 4031.7
How Does the PNC-27 Peptide Work?
PNC-27, a member of the PNC protein family, was originally conceptualized and developed in 2000 by Drs. Matthew Pincus and Joseph Michl at the SUNY Downstate Medical Center in New York. Initially intended for combatting HIV, PNC-27 exhibited a remarkable capability to attach to cancer cells, triggering their demise while leaving healthy cells unharmed.
The PNC-27 cancer peptide is a non-toxic substance that exclusively induces the death of cancer cells, without affecting other healthy cells. It accomplishes this by binding to the membranes of individual cancer cells, creating perforations in these membranes. These breaches cause rapid implosion, resulting in the swift demise of the cells due to the osmotic pressure disparity between the interior and exterior of the tumor cells.
PNC-27 achieves this by virtue of its affinity for binding to a protein called HDM-2, which is present in the cell membranes of cancer cells. Upon administration of the PNC-27 peptide, it promptly homes in on the HDM-2 located within the membranes of cancerous cells. By binding to these proteins, it generates pores or openings in the cell membrane, leading to “membranolysis” or the breakdown of the cell membrane. Consequently, this process culminates in the destruction of the cancer cell.
Clinical Studies of the PNC-27 Peptide
In animal studies where PNC-27 peptide is administered, several noteworthy observations have been made regarding successful outcomes:
Pain Reduction: Researchers have reported a subjective decrease in pain levels in animal subjects, typically occurring within about a week after administration of the peptide.
Flu-Like Symptoms: Around the 3-week mark, animal subjects often exhibit flu-like symptoms. This may suggest that the subjects’ immune systems are responding to the death of cancer cells.
Lactate Dehydrogenase and Bilirubin Levels: At approximately 6 weeks, there tends to be an increase in levels of lactate dehydrogenase and bilirubin. This may indicate substantial tumor breakdown in successful research outcomes.
Tumor Changes: Notably, tumors often undergo significant changes around the 10-week mark. They become softer and more pliable. Some increase in the size of the tumor may be observed, primarily due to inflammation resulting from the immune system response.
Improved Well-Being: By the end of 3 months, researchers frequently observe increased energy levels and a reduction in cancer-related symptoms in animal study subjects.
These findings suggest that PNC-27 peptide administration may lead to positive therapeutic outcomes, including pain relief, immune system activation, and the breakdown of cancerous tumors, ultimately improving the overall well-being of animal subjects in these studies.
PNC-27 Peptide Reviews
In animal studies involving the administration of the PNC-27 peptide, specific outcomes have been observed in successful cases:
Pain Reduction: Researchers have reported a subjective decrease in pain levels in animal subjects, typically occurring within approximately one week after the peptide is administered.
Flu-Like Symptoms: Around the three-week mark, animal subjects often exhibit flu-like symptoms. This is likely an indicator that the subjects’ immune systems are responding to the death of cancer cells.
Lactate Dehydrogenase and Bilirubin Levels: At approximately six weeks, there is a typical increase in the levels of lactate dehydrogenase and bilirubin. This may signify substantial tumor breakdown in successful research outcomes.
Tumor Changes: Notably, tumors often undergo significant changes at around the ten-week mark. They become softer and more malleable. Some increase in tumor size may be observed, but this is often due to inflammation resulting from the immune system’s response.
Improved Well-Being: By the end of three months, researchers often notice that animal study subjects exhibit increased energy levels and a reduction in cancer-related symptoms.
These findings suggest that the administration of the PNC-27 peptide in animal studies can lead to positive therapeutic outcomes, including pain relief, immune system activation in response to cancer cell death, tumor breakdown, and overall improved well-being in the subjects.
PNC-27 Side Effects in Studies
In animal studies, PNC-27 peptide administration has been linked to several side effects, including skin and nose inflammation, watery eyes, dry skin, high blood pressure, headache, back pain, nosebleeds, rectal bleeding, taste alterations, and an increase in urinary protein levels.
PNC-27 Clinical Trials
In a 2009 study, researchers found that the previously established 3 dimensional structure of PNC-27’s p53 residues was directly superimposable on the structure for the same residues bound to HDM-2.[1] This led the researchers to infer that PNC-27 could target HDM-2 in cancer cells’ membranes.
Notably, cancer cells have significant levels of HDM-2 in their membranes, while untransformed or noncancerous cells do not have significant levels of HDM-2. This allows the PNC-27 peptide to selectively target the cancerous cells, leaving undamaged the healthy surrounding tissue.[1]
Upon further experimentation, it was discovered that by implanting untransformed cells not susceptible to PNC-27 with HDM-2 containing a membrane localization signal, these cells then became susceptible to PNC-27. As a result, this constituted further evidence that the PNC-27 peptide was able to selectively target HDM-2 in the membranes of cancer cells and destroy them via membranolysis, all while leaving healthy cells unharmed.[1]
Further, in a 2010 study published in Cancer Chemotherapy and Pharmacology, researchers determined that PNC-27 exerts its cancer cell destroying effects as a whole peptide, not fragments.[2] With the knowledge that the peptide forms transmembrane pores in the cancer cell membrane, researchers set out to determine whether these pores were created by parts of the peptide (fragments) or by the entire peptide itself.
During the experiment, it was shown that it was indeed the entire peptide that exerts its effects in the cell membrane of cancer cells.[2] Further, it was observed that other nontransformed, or noncancerous, cells around the cancer cells “remained viable.”[2] From the results of the experiment, researchers gleaned that the PNC-27 cancer peptide targeted specific markers in the membranes of cancer cells. Also, via this mechanism of action, PNC-27’s lifetime is increased.[2]
PNC-27 Peptide Destroys Cancer Cells
In a 2006 study published in the International Journal of Cancer, researchers investigated the effects of PNC-28, a precursor to the PNC-27 peptide, which shares similar structural and functional characteristics. The study focused on its ability to selectively inhibit the growth of pancreatic cancer cells in vivo.
The researchers noted that PNC-28 induced necrosis, not apoptosis, in various tumor cell lines, including the BMRPA1, a ras-transformed rat acinar pancreatic carcinoma cell line. Importantly, the peptide had no impact on untransformed (normal) cells. This led the researchers to assess whether the cancer-killing peptide could block the growth of pancreatic cancer cells in vivo.
Remarkably, when the cancer-killing peptide was administered, it completely halted tumor growth during the 2-week treatment period and continued to suppress tumor growth for an additional 2 weeks post-treatment. Subsequently, there was minimal tumor growth observed, which remained at low tumor sizes compared to the control peptide group.
Furthermore, when PNC-27 was administered after tumor growth had already occurred at a distant site from the tumor, a reduction in tumor size followed by slow tumor growth, significantly slower than the control peptide group, was observed. Based on these findings, the researchers concluded that the cancer-killing peptide may hold promise as an effective treatment for cancer, particularly when administered directly to the tumor itself.
PNC-27 Anti-Cancer Peptide Studies
In a more recent study conducted in 2014 and published in Annals of Clinical & Laboratory Science, researchers concluded that the anti-cancer peptide, PNC-27, induces necrosis in tumor cells of a poorly differentiated non-solid tissue mammalian leukemia cell line, and this effect depends on the expression of HDM-2 in the plasma membrane of these cells.
Building upon previous findings that PNC-27 could destroy solid tissue tumor cells by binding to HDM-2 proteins in their cell membranes, independently of p53 activity in those cells, the researchers aimed to assess the peptide’s efficacy against non-solid tissue tumor cells. This experiment aimed to confirm whether non-solid tissue tumor cells expressed HDM-2 in their membranes, similar to solid tissue cells, and if PNC-27 could induce cell death through the same HDM-2 binding mechanism.
Remarkably, the study found that non-solid tumor cells indeed expressed HDM-2 in their cell membranes. Furthermore, it was discovered that PNC-27 could induce cell necrosis through membranolysis via the same HDM-2 binding mechanism observed in solid tissue tumor cells, independent of the p53 pathway.
It’s important to note that PNC-27 has exhibited minimal side effects, low oral bioavailability, and excellent subcutaneous bioavailability in mice. However, the dosage in mice does not directly scale to humans. Therefore, PNC-27 is available for sale at Peptide Sciences exclusively for educational and scientific research purposes and is not intended for human consumption. It is only available to licensed researchers.
Buy Bacteriostatic Water from Our #1 Choice Supplier
Article Author
The above literature was researched, edited and organized by Dr. Logan, M.D. Dr. Logan holds a doctorate degree from Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine and a B.S. in molecular biology.
ALL ARTICLES AND PRODUCT INFORMATION PROVIDED ON THIS WEBSITE ARE FOR INFORMATIONAL AND EDUCATIONAL PURPOSES ONLY.
The product information featured on this website pertains exclusively to in-vitro studies. In-vitro studies, also known as ‘in glass’ studies, are conducted outside of living organisms. It’s important to emphasize that these products do not constitute medicines or drugs and have not received FDA approval for the prevention, treatment, or cure of any medical conditions, ailments, or diseases. It is crucial to note that the introduction of these products into the bodies of humans or animals is strictly prohibited by law.
